Researchers have built an electronic variant of a Brownian ratchet that allows microscopic particles to be separated by size. Dutch researcher Wijnand Germs built an electronic variant of a Brownian ...

Brownian motors and ratchet systems constitute a field of study that leverages stochastic fluctuations to generate directed motion in systems otherwise dominated by thermal noise. These devices ...

The spliceosome is a dynamic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) machine that catalyzes the removal of introns during the two transesterification steps of eukaryotic pre-mRNA splicing. Here we used ...

Molecular motors convert various types of energies into unidirectional mechanical motion. Most of biomolecular motors working in the cell use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the chemical energy source ...