不同于由外周炎症介导的RAW，PIRA主要由中枢神经系统（CNS）慢性炎症介导，即主要由神经退行性改变导致，导致躯体和认知功能恶化及脑萎缩。CNS慢性炎症在疾病早期即发生，并在疾病中后期占主导地位。CNS慢性炎症导致影像学上的慢性活动性“阴燃”病灶 ...

本研究针对多发性硬化症（MS）患者残疾进展的核心机制——独立于复发活动的进展（PIRA），开发了一种基于常规脑MRI（T1-w/T2 ...

来自国际多中心研究团队的最新成果，通过分析多发性硬化症(MS)患者队列，发现疾病进展独立于复发活动(PIRA)的现象在早期MS中普遍存在。研究证实PIRA是残疾累积的关键驱动因素，强调临床监测需超越复发评估，对MS治疗策略具有重要指导价值。 在多发性硬化症 ...

Panelists discuss how progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) represents a distinct pathological process involving smoldering inflammation and neurodegeneration that drives disability in ...

PIRA is measured by cCDP, an indicator of worsening physical disability. It is based on 3 components of physical disability: confirmed disability progression, walking speed, and upper extremity ...

Piracetam (Pira (800mg)) is used to treat cortical myoclonus, a movement disorder that causes short and uncontrollable twitching or jerky movements of arms and legs.