INTRODUCTION: Candida yeasts are commensals; however, if the balance of normal flora is disrupted or the immune defenses are compromised, Candida species can cause disease manifestations. Several ...

Working with mammalian retinal cells, neuroscientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have shown that unlike most light-sensing cells (photoreceptors) in the retina, one special type uses two different ...

Phospholipases PLA1, PLA2, PLC, and PLD hydrolyze phospholipids to produce corresponding lysophospholipids and fatty acids. Red arrows indicate the corresponding hydrolysis sites. B) Phospholipases ...

The structure and function of the human gut microbiome are shaped by intense microbial competition, where bacteria deploy molecular weapons like the type VI secretion system (T6SS) to eliminate ...

This valuable study on strategies used by Pseudomonas to subvert hots immunity identifies a new immune evasion strategy. The study presents solid evidence on the cleavage of VgrG2B by Caspase 11 and ...

Introduction Snakebite envenoming (SBE) results in over 500 000 deaths or disabling injuries annually. Varespladib methyl, an oral inhibitor of secretory phospholipase A2, is a nearly ubiquitous ...

The study by ICRISAT focused on pearl millet, a climate-resilient crop important for arid and semi-arid regions Phospholipases in pearl millet help the plant adapt to drought by breaking down ...

Excitotoxicity is the pathological process by which neurons are damaged and killed by the overactivations of receptors for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, such as the NMDA receptor and AMPA ...

Snakes are predators, and with exceptions (e.g., egg-eating snakes), they subdue their prey through constriction, aggressive biting, and chewing or by using venom. The mechanism of venom delivery ...

Membrane-associated proteins play a vital role in a variety of cellular processes, yet little is known about the membrane-association mechanism. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA 2) is ...

In response to environmental stresses, or during development, plant cells will produce lipids that will act as intracellular or intercellular mediators. Glycerophospholipid and/or sphingolipid second ...